AI Generated Transcript
Welcome, everyone, to Basics with Bits for Saturday, August 9th, 2025. My name is Marci, and I have a couple of people helping me today. Our Zoom host today is Patricia Lepofsky, and streaming us over ACB Media 5 and connecting us to Clubhouse is Brad. This call is sponsored by Bits, our blind information technology specialist. We invite you to check out the website and to find out all of the wonderful things that Bits is getting involved in. We’re teaching classes about AI. We’ve taught Python. We’ve taught Office. Next week, we get into a Visual Studio Code lesson. We’ve got Google Suite coming up in the fall. But we want to help people know what their technology can do. And I was super excited when I learned about this presentation. What was that keystroke again? How do I make my screen reader do this or that? So I’m going to turn it over to Tyson and let him tell you all the wonderful things that technology can do. Tyson, it’s all yours. My name is Tyson Ernst. You’ve probably heard me before in the community. I host Office Space every Wednesday evening, and I was delighted to be able to get the chance to do this. I’ve recently been tapped to chair the education committee for BITS, and I’m very happy to do that and privileged and honored. So one of the first things I did was to go ahead and grab one of these calls and say, let’s figure out how we can give back to you all here in the community. As we’ve learned during the bitch chats, which if you were on the pre-call chat here, we were talking about when that happens every Friday and Saturday night at 8 Eastern, goes on for several hours. You can get some help during that if you’re looking for it beyond this call. One of the things we’ve learned during that and speaking with people during other calls is really how to learn how to work your computer, how to get things out of it. And a lot of people come to us for help, and we’re very happy to provide that. But one of the things I want to help you with today is to be able to learn how to begin that process by figuring out how to help yourself. right? Because if I can get you to a point or if I can assist you to the point where you can understand how to look up to do something and give you the tools to provide that, it may save specific. However, the first one that we’re going to talk about goes across all three of the major screen readers. And that is JAWS, obviously, NVDA, and on narrator as well. We won’t be invoking those screen readers today just because I don’t want to take the time out to, you know, kill one about in the blurb, I said, you know, how do I find that key command? What key does that, what command does that key press do? There’s many ways on your computer that are built into it to out into the screen reader itself. And one of the first things we want to talk about is obviously part of it through JAWS. And you’ll hear that in order to invoke keyboard account through all three of the screen readers is with the insert key with the number one on the number row. Don’t use the one on the number pad. That’ll get you nothing. You want to go the one above Q on the row. All right. And I use the word insert key as opposed to saying JAWS key or NVDA or narrator because of the fact that they do all use the exact same key. They just brand it differently, right? JAWS wants to call it JAWS and Narrator wants to call it Narrator, but they’re all the exact same key. So to keep you all less confused and me definitely less confused, I want to make sure and call it the insert key. So I’m going to invoke that right now. And you’ll hear that as I push the up arrow on this, you’re going to hear my JAWS serial number or license number, whatever it is. JAWS version 2025.25.06.1. And I’m going to stop that just so it doesn’t bore you. But you hear that it’s speaking out that number. I’m going to invoke the keyboard help mode by pressing insert. And again, the number one above Q on the number row. On. There we go. And we heard it say on. Now, normally it would say keyboard help on. And the reason it doesn’t say that it just says on is because of my particular JAWS settings where I have it set to intermediate level of speech, where I don’t get the full version of everything. So keyboard help on now, if I press that same down arrow, it’s going to say… So in essence, I can start pressing keys, and it’s going to repeat what I press. And if there’s a function related to it, it should give us that function. It’s not perfect, and it’s definitely not 100%. So if you’re trying to learn where your keys are, this is a fabulous thing to be able to invoke, even on narrator, when you first get a laptop. So when you, maybe during convention, you went and purchased one of the computer for the blind laptops, right? And you brought it home and you cracked the lid. And the first thing you look at is go, where’s my insert key? Or where is the F12? And is it an F12 key or is it set to airplane mode or something, right? So we have to learn where all those keys are. So turning this on, I can then go up here and I can press up here on my row and go… Oh, no, I need to go over one more. There we go. There’s my F12 key. So now I know that. But if I press Insert in the F12 key… It says it says the time. So by learning and using that, we can get it to do a lot of the JAWS command. necessarily do Office or Windows command. For example, if I press Windows D, which is our universal Windows command to minimize all applications and focus on the desktop, it doesn’t tell you what it does. It simply tells you that that’s the keys you pressed. But again, if I go up here, insert plus F. So we’ve got a lot of commands in there, And you can just start pressing keys and understand what they do. What does this key do? Here’s one of my favorites that I came up with if I can make my fingers do the actual key press. Tip plus dog key plus B. Read battery status information. There it is. See? So right there, I wasn’t quite sure on the keystroke. So I pressed around a couple different ones which were close. And we ended up getting instead of Alt Shift and the letter B for boy or for battery, that didn’t work. And then I tried Insert Alt B. And that didn’t work. and finally I hit insert shift B and it told us that that’s a quick way to get our battery status, how much power we have left, and are we connected to a network. If I turn off the keyboard help by the same toggle key of insert plus one, we hear it say it’s off. And if I press the same insert shift b ac connected battery level colon i battery 98 network docking bay 94 internet access and we see that we’re connected to an internet we get an idea of what my battery life is like fully charged so we can then turn off those things repeat that same command and understand what we’re doing okay so that’s keyboard help that’s keyboard help mode different ones call learning mode, keyboard learning mode, I think is NVDA, but they all use the exact same keystroke to invoke that. And that is the insert plus one on the number row. So that’s a great way for you to start exploring your keyboard, pressing keys and not worrying that you’re going to activate something accidentally. The only ways to get out of it is to press the escape key or again, to press the to read to deactivate it with the same toggle that we activated it with insert and one above the keyboard above cue let’s move on to our second one now this is more jaws specific and this is how to invoke the jaws command search let’s say we’re looking for something right i need to know how to do something i need to know how do i get this to for example read the font right we’ve already looked at it with keyboard help but we’re going to do that so that way we kind of keep a consistency across learning how to do this. And there’s a couple of different ways to invoke this. The first way I like is with our insert space. – Babe. – And then we press the letter J. – Search for JAWS command dialog. Search for colon. Search for colon edit type and text. – And we hear that it brings up a search field where I can start to type in what we want. And remember, that’s our layered key command of insert spacebar, listen for our not, and then press the letter J by itself. Remember, let go of your all your keys, then press J and we can type in here, read the font and we’re going to go about it a separate way. Let’s see if this one does any different. And we’re going to do insert plus F2 and bring up a list of. Press God, manage your dialog. Let one let you command search one of 19 and move the arrow key. These are JAWS managers and there’s 19 different things here. But the first thing that pops up on the list is our command search. Let’s press enter on that. And remember, that’s insert and F2. Let’s see if I can get it to say font. There, that worked. So for some reason the the insert space J either didn’t catch when I invoked it or For some reason it’s being naughty on my particular version today So by invoking the same function using our insert f2 Pressing enter on command search we were able to get our results and let’s review that That’s a fun style name and character died also will be the attributes the default underlined and italics Okay, and I’m going to up arrow just to get the command again. And we can go through that if we understand our reading keys, which we covered recently in a selection class on basics. If we go control right arrow, we can move by word. And if we’re not sure exactly what letter that was, Foxtrot. There we go. Foxtrot. We get it phonetically. Okay. So let’s look up another command. Let’s see. Earth. Column. Edit. Say bond. And selected. Say bond. E. Colon. Got rid of that. And let’s get it to say the battery level. S. A. Y. State. B. Data. A. A. T. E. R. Y. And let’s see. I’m going to go just say battery. Enter. Say battery level. Enter. Let’s get. Let’s be heading level three link. There it is. Battery level. Period. Insert. Plus. Shift. Plus. E. So here we are, we’ve now been able to put in some easy language to understand, something just as easy as like, just say the battery. Right? And let’s see if we can get Windows commands on this. I don’t think we can, but it’s worth giving it an exploration try. Highlight that. Get rid of it. And let’s see. Save document. And enter. Enter OCR PDF document. Jog E plus FACE. O, D, heading level 3 link. No, it doesn’t have a save, but it gives us an OCR command. OCR to currently open PDF document and place its contents in the result viewer. This OCR is done on the document itself, not on the screen contents. Heading level 3 link OCR PDF document. Jog, search for colon edit. And that gave us a command for that, but I’m not going to look at that. Selected save dot E colon. What else can we get this to do? Say current line. S, Y, FACE, U, R, R, E, F, E, F, F, E. key enter a window prompt and text edits a current line heading level three links a window prompt and insert plus tab okay that’s our in that’s our prompt and and uh let’s see where is it prompt and window prompt and text and the text that the prompt and type of the window are controlled well as the text in the window that that focus when the virtual cursor is active and in the web page the control information is spoken using the current verbosity setting for the control the first time this keystroke is pressed subsequent presses of this i’m going to stop that because That’s a lot of information for now. There’s JAWS keys plus tab. Say the active cursor, which is Alt plus Delete. And it’s listed in headings, so we should be able to navigate this by pressing H. NumPad Shift plus NumPad 5 will tell the current access key. Insert plus End, top line of window. The current MSAA output mode, home row plus F12 heading level 3 link. Okay. The current menu state, home row plus alt plus M heading level 3 link. Ramping to top, say window prompt. And it doesn’t give us our speak current line or say current line, which if you know your JAWS command, that is insert plus the up arrow. That is using your command search line. Let’s see if we can reverse that by putting in a line of like a, let’s put an insert and up arrow. Ramping the top, search for colon, enter search for colon, edit, say current, selected, say current, E, colon. Okay, got rid of that. So. I, S, find E, lift E, background OCR, space. Let’s see, plus. Let’s see, I’m going to put the plus sign just because that’s the way I do things. Hip, back, face. No, not a shape. Face, plus. U, piece, face, A, R, O, W. Press enter. Enter, background OCR. And let’s see if it gives us, I doubt it’s going to. Start, continue, back, heading level three, link, background OCR, jaws, key, plus. And that’s our background OCR. Let’s push the H for heading. Background OCR with sound. What’s that? Define a template marker. Let’s see what that is actually. Link is heading level three. Link define a template marker. Control plus windows plus K. Okay, that sets a place marker. List of extended MC character. Wrapping the top. It doesn’t allow us to put in the actual keyboard key press and get results for what it does. So this is a strictly put in what you want it to do. And if you’ve got the right text in there, It allows you to get the output of what it defines that it thinks you’re looking for. Okay? So that is command search, and that is not available on Narrator. And I don’t believe that NVDA has a native version of that. Marcy might know if they have a plugin that would give us access to that kind of information. There is an NVDA add-on that does keyboard training for NVDA. Okay. And it acts the same way where you can put in a set of, I need it to do this, and it’ll… It actually plays a game with you and asks you questions. Which key does this? It’s really kind of cool. I mean, that’s a nice training method. If I’m looking for something, I might not be up for like, look, guys, I just need the key. Exactly. I just need the command, please. I’m interested in hearing more about that. And we will be doing a short NVDA course here coming up a little later, towards the end of September. It’s probably beginning of October. As soon as we get that all scheduled in, might be a little earlier than that. We’ll definitely be looking to look at add-ons and stuff like that. So stay tuned for that within bits. And so the last thing I want to talk about today, and let’s get an idea since we did that, insert F12. Let’s see what our time is. 12.21 PM. Yeah, see we’re at 21. So this should give us just the right amount of time I’m going to close this window again with Alt F4. Alt F4. Now, this next one has been with JAWS now for a little over a year, maybe a little more than that. But it is called the FS Companion, FS standing for Freedom Scientific. And it is JAWS built in AI. It is specifically geared only towards JAWS products and not towards, again, towards Office or Windows or any of that. And again, it’s only available for JAWS. NVDA does have a plugin, as Marcy said, that does give you something close to this. I don’t know if the individual experience is exactly the same. I am not a seasoned or fluent NVDA user by any means. So I don’t want to speak to that and give you any kind of information that might be not accurate or relevant. But to get into the FS Companion, we’re going to invoke our layer command with insert spacebar. And we hear the knock and the toe. And we’re going to press F1. And we’ve got to wait a second. question in the chat box below. Type in text. Blank. Type your question here. Edit. Basically, this is your standard AI chatbot type of situation. We can speak to this in very plain language. You don’t have to understand technical language to do this. So I’m going to demonstrate that by finding the command that we couldn’t find through command search. We’re going to type in very plain language. So I’m going to press insert up arrow. I’m going to tab. Now it gives us our dictate button. I have tried that with very mixed results. I would not recommend you try that at this point. If you want to be, by all means, try it. But again, it’s been very, very iffy for me. Send message button to activate. Press enter. I’m going to press enter. Enter at that companion document. To have JAWS speak the current line of text, you can use the following keystrokes, colon, bullet on the desktop keyboard. Press JAWS key plus a arrow, period. Bullet on the laptop Off keyboard, press JAWS key plus I or insert plus up arrow, period. If you press the keystroke twice quickly, JAWS will spell the line for you. Okay. And it said, remember, tell the four we can move through this using the down arrow or our navigation keys. I’m going to press the down arrow. Length. FS companion. Length. Heading level one conversation with FS companion. Switch to light mode button. New conversation button. Length. Hello. I’m excited to help you learn more about. Now, because it keeps everything it said, it does keep that first portion, what it introduced at the very beginning. I’m going to arrow through this just a little quickly. And we see that that’s listed as a heading. So we could have skipped that by pressing the letter H. Land. Land. List of two items. Bullet on the desktop keyboard. Press JAWS key plus up arrow. And then if we go through here, hit down arrow again. Bullet on the laptop keyboard. Press JAWS key plus I or insert plus up arrow. Okay, again JAWS key plus I or insert plus the up arrow. List N. Land. If you press the keystroke quite quickly, JAWS will fill the line for you. Land. Provide feedback on this response button. Land. Response completed in 5.78 seconds. Land. Type your question here type your question here edit escape and by pressing escape it actually closed that down so that is fs companion let’s re-invoke that and look for another thing that we’ve already done A, J, W, S, P, E, F, A, N, E, F, K, E, F, B, A, T, P, E, R, W, A, L, E, B, E, L, A, O, S, M, W, L, A, T, T, O, P. Question. And here is what I had it write. Type your question to your edit. How do I have JAWS tell me the battery level of my laptop? I’m going to tab again to the send message. Dictate left pair. Send message button. Press enter. To have JAWS tell you the battery level of your laptop, you can use the following keystroke colon. Bullet press. JAWS key plus shift plus B. Left pair and this can be. Insert plus shift plus B. If you’re using the default desktop layout right, Farron, this command will report the battery and charging status, including whether you are connected to a power source or the current charge level of your battery. Okay. And that’s essentially what it gave us when we did the keystroke command on our keyboard help mode. But the difference is, with the keyboard help mode, I had to kind of know the keys to press to get that information. Here, I asked the AI to tell me, what is it that I’m looking to do? And if I’m correct, we’ll check and see. I’m going to find the new conversation button and we’re going to check and see if this will give us fusion commands. Pressing enter. And we’ve got a new one here. So let’s see, what is the command? And here’s what I had it ask. Here’s what I typed. Type your question here. What is the command to have fusion increase the magnification level? To increase the magnification level in fusion, you can use the following command, colon, press, caps lock, plus up arrow, to zoom in and increase the magnification level. This command allows you to adjust the magnification level to suit your needs. There it is. Caps lock plus up arrow. So we see that even though we’re in JAWS, it will give us fusion commands as well. So this treats the full line of FS products. So it’s probably going to give you ZoomText as well as Fusion and JAWS. I find that absolutely phenomenal that you can get Fusion commands. These, I think, are amazingly helpful tools to begin helping you help yourself. Okay, and I’m going to give you one last bonus here. So let’s say you went through all this and you press my escape key. Escape. And oops, it went away. How do I get that back? I need to hear exactly what that said. We’re going to, again, invoke our layered command of insert space. Space. And we’re going to press the letter H. H3. And we’re going to get the speech history. So this holds the last 500 prompts that was spoken by JAWS. Now, I don’t know if what exactly consists of a prompt. I haven’t been able to find that information. So I don’t know if that’s a 300 words spoken out by JAWS equals one, or if it’s a certain amount. It’s definitely not a one-to-one ratio but it’s in its own window. So we can go ahead and up arrow to this. There it is. Now to do that, I’m up arrowing by the way, just so you know. So this is an entire document of itself that is telling me what did JAWS actually speak. So I can do things now I can go through and relating this back to the previous basics with about text selection. I can use my insert. Let’s go home to make sure we’re at the front of the line. And we’re at the beginning of that. And if I press the ints or the shift key plus the down arrow. And I’ll stop there, but then we can do something really nice like… We copied it to the clipboard. So if you forget what you looked for, you have a relatively short amount of time, not, you know, quickly, let’s do it now, but you can go back and search through and find that exact text, because it’s recording everything that JAWS speaks, all of the little small commands, and even as I’m typing in here and making it do that, where it just said Ctrl-S, copied selection clipboard, that has actually been appended to this. So understand that that’s available for you. And that’s a little bonus thing. And that is insert space to enter the layer and H for history. If you want to clear that, press shift H when you get into the layer and Right. Instead of placing that phone call to Freedom Scientific, because if you aren’t aware of what has happened recently, this just came out this past week. Freedom Scientific is beginning very shortly here. I think they said the beginning of the year, if not immediately. I didn’t catch the timeline or don’t remember it. But if you no longer have it. September of this year. Is it in September? Yeah. OK, so September. So coming up here very quickly. If you no longer have an active current license, meaning JAWS 2025 with an SMA, service maintenance agreement, you will no longer be able to receive phone or email support from Freedom Scientific. Okay. From the Sparrow. So you’ll have to have up-to-date current stuff. And that means it’s going to kind of force you if you need help to purchase their product. Now, if you have the ability to look for this, that way you don’t have to rely on that. and then of course if that doesn’t work for you you always have organizations such as bits that I’d love to address the issues or any questions regarding what we did here today and once we’ve exhausted those I think we can just open it up to some general questions and we will do our best to address those Patricia do we have anybody with hands raised at this point Yes, we have the Bromstrong. but it’s pretty good with Office apps giving you the keystrokes. All right. Well, thank you for that. Well, there’s a lot of simple questions there you can try. Mary Carlin has her hand up. Hi, Mary. First of all, you scared me when you said that starting in September, you’re not going to get technical support anymore. What’s happened to me is I’m sort of betwixt and between. I guess my pro is good through October. So does that mean I have to update it sooner than that? Or, or not. So let me address that one real quick and then we’ll move on to your second question. First of all, your license is not going to go away. Your JAWS will still work as it’s supposed to work. If you have an annual license, it will drop down into 40 minute mode as it would anyways. But if you have a perpetual license that will, or an ILM, that will continue on as normal. Your JAWS 25 as an ILM with a perpetual license would continue to work until it no longer does. and they’ll update it probably for the next year or so. But if you want to receive support, however, you would have to purchase an SMA for that, and that would entitle you to getting both email and phone technical support. Oh, that has to be done before September, even though… If you do it after that, it’ll bring it back. You know, it’s not going to completely abandon you. Like, oh, you didn’t get it on time, so you’re never going to get it again. I don’t want to leave you with that impression at all. Okay. Okay. So that’s good. What was your other question? Okay, I was really intrigued when you, I don’t have Fusion, it wouldn’t do me any good, but when you asked it, you went on to ask it about Fusion, so if you go on and ask it about something else, does that something else have to reside on your computer for it to answer questions about it or not? No, if it’s a Freedom Scientific product. And as Deborah rightly pointed out, it does a lot of the Office stuff as well. Okay, well, thank you. Again, I would experiment with Windows commands as well. Start off with something you know, like what is the command to shift the focus to the desktop? The other two commands that I might throw out as a helpful hint to others is insert J, that will give you a list of common JAWS commands for whatever program you happen to be in. or insert W, which are common Windows commands for the program you might be in. Yes. I just want to correct that command, Stephanie. It’s insert H. Insert J brings focus to the JAWS window. That does, yeah. You are correct. Yeah, so insert H. Yeah, but that’s awesome. JAWS commands for a particular application, and then insert W will give you the application commands. for that particular application if Freedom Scientific has made them available. So if you invoke the key insert plus H, it will bring up in a virtual viewer a list of hotkeys, shortcut keys, to the specific application you’re working with, and the same with insert W. So JAWS key plus H or JAWS key plus W. I don’t know, again, if there is an NVDA equivalent, and I know there is not one for Nary. And I don’t think there’s one for NVDA either. Something we can send to them and say, hey, this would be great. We need this, exactly. The JAWS key plus W brings up the application-specific commands. It is. Like Word, you can see all the things that the Word commands. If you do JAWS key H, then it will bring up the JAWS commands for Word. When I came in, I heard you giving a .org address, and I was wondering what that was for, because my question is probably something that should be talked on a Friday and Saturday night thing that you guys do wherever it is. That is bits-acb.org, B-I-T-S-dash-hyphen-acb.org. And that is, if you are not a member of BITS, you can go to joinbits.org and sign up for it. I could let Marcy or Brad talk about what the, what the dues are for the year. And then that entitles you to get the links to our Friday night and Saturday night bitch chats. Generally, you can come in and just generally hang out with people and chat, or we have breakout rooms where if you need help with someone and one of our tech specialists are around, we’ll go into a breakout room and stay as long as you need to help you with whatever you, you’re encountering. but I have an iPad that I would love to use for Zoom, and I can get on Zoom, but it’s just a big blue screen. I don’t know where the mute is. There’s no keyboard on it. There’s no mute. There’s no microphone, and it’s driving me crazy. We have people that can definitively help you with that. Okay, thank you. You’re very, very welcome. As a matter of fact, just this morning, I was actually compiling a list of, I got my hands on the magic keyboard for the iPad Pro and actually went through and compiled a list of every hotkey to control the iPad. It’s like a hundred line spreadsheet so far. The chat link is sent out on ACB Conversation. Also, we have a Bits Announce list. If you aren’t there, you can subscribe to it at bits-announce plus subscribe at groups.io and you’ll get all of the publicly available community events for bits. And I’m very much interested in that keyboard command list for the iPad. I have a Logitech Keys-to-Go for my iPad Pro. I have an Otterbox case, so the keyboard’s not directly attached, but it works really well. If it’s for an iPad, yeah, I’m not sure how well the Logitech, unless you make sure it configures right. But yeah, then you should be fine. Is there an email address that I can join BITS by emailing, or is there an email address that I can email and have someone email back and tell me how to do it? You can go to our website, bits-acb.org. I really don’t use a computer, and I’m terrible with Safari. That’s why I was asking if there was any kind of email way. You’re going to have to go to the website to join no matter what. You can do it on your phone, bits-acb.org. You should be able to find a JoinBits or you can go, you know, I think we still have JoinBits.org also. We do. It takes you to the same place. It’s just kind of straight there. And dues are $20 a year. And if you’ve never been a member of Bits before, you’ll get the remainder of this year and all of next year for that $120. It’s a little bonus we offer to people who have never been a member of BITS before. If you haven’t been a member of BITS before, and I definitely will join, and $20 a year is certainly reasonable. Thank you very much. You are welcome. We put out a lot publicly, like basics with BITS and stuff, but there’s a lot of stuff we do internally that really benefits our members. So we’re all about giving back. Hello, Abby. For anyone who does use NVDA, even though there isn’t a command list per se, you can go to the NVDA menu by pressing insert plus N for NVDA and then press H for help. Right arrow to open that and then go down to, I think it says keyboard reference list or something like that. And that gives you all the key commands for NVDA. And they’re laid out. It’ll open in your browser and they’re laid out by headings. And so you can just press H and you might be able to search if there’s something specific you want, search for, say, read continuously or sail or whatever and might find it that way. But otherwise, just press H until you get there. Different categories, reading commands, browsing commands, you name it, they got it. So I just did it. Thank you. All right. OK, you’re welcome. And then I’ve got a quick question. I joined Bits. Oh, my goodness. I think it was last year or the year before when you were offering memberships for free, and I unfortunately let it lapse. So if I go to the site now, I don’t think there’s any way I can renew. Should I just try? Because I’m still getting the announcements about the chats and other things. So I hate to confuse the system by starting all over again, or is there a way to renew? You’re probably getting the announcements because you’re on that bits-announce email list that David talked about. You will need to go to the website, sign up as a member. Okay, and just sign up. Unfortunately, you won’t be counted as a brand new member because you have already been a member. So when you renew, it will just get you in there for the remainder of 2025. Okay, and then I’d have to pay again in 2026. Thank you so much. I appreciate that. Scott Edwards. The Bits chats on the weekends, mostly on the weekends, are open to everyone. They’re not members only. Anyone can join Bits chats. In other words, you don’t have to be a member to join the Bits chat. Absolutely correct. I just joined Bits a few months ago because of the artificial intelligence thing. And I didn’t realize that this was going to be like a goldmine, not to mention the artificial intelligence. So thanks for everything. Bit of an esoteric question. I’m on the Apple side. I have a MacBook Air. It’s about five or six years old. I have kind of clunky fingers, so I have an external keyboard for it. It’s a DAS, works perfectly. My Mac started to age out, and so Amazon was having a sale on them. I bought a new MacBook Air. I was assured that my old keyboard would work with the new Mac with the appropriate dongle. It’s a little bit flaky. Sometimes I can wake up the new MacBook with the old keyboard, sometimes not. Sometimes some the commands and shortcuts seem to work. Sometimes not. Seems a bit intermittent. I started getting into it with Apple and one of the responses is, well, you know, buy a brand new keyboard. See if that works. You know, if so, then it’s your old keyboard. And well, it works perfectly with the old one. So do you know anything about like configuring or whether, you know, the exact hexadecimal commands from a keyboard that’s five or six years old that worked with a five or six-year-old MacBook Pro perfectly, sorry, MacBook Air, should work without any difference on a new one? Yeah, so I will tell you right now that no, I do not. That’s a little bit above my pay grade as far as technical knowledge. But I will, so again, I’m going to sing their praises, is we have people in bits who completely understand what you’re talking about. And not that I don’t understand it, but it’s just I don’t know how to configure your work within hardware conflict resolution. But there are people who we can put you in touch with through Bits that do. So if you want to send something out, if you are part of our email structure, because you’re a member of Bits, find, what do you think would be the right one, Marcy? Technology at Bits. The technology. The technology one, yeah. So send an email to technology at bits.org, bits-acb.org. Just a little plug here, we have a Mac call on Tuesday nights, and coming up this coming Tuesday, it’s the second Tuesday of every month at 8 Eastern. So we call it MacBytes, and there will be an announcement sent out usually the night before. Plus, it’s on the ACB community calendar that probably was put live. They’ll send out the announcements the night before every day, so look for that. It’ll have all the links to get into the call. Perfect. Thanks. Thanks very much. We appreciate it. You’re welcome. Sorry we couldn’t help you. Okay. Next time for sure. Definitely. Nice. And wouldn’t that email be technology at bits.groups.io? Yeah. Oh, I’m sorry. But you have to join it. You can’t just send an email to it. You have to join that list. Okay. Okay. I’m a little bit out of my league here. So how do I do that? You said you’re already a Bits member? Yes, but it’s just an email I’m sending, right? Yeah, I’ll try technology plus subscribe at bits.groups.io. And if that doesn’t work, you might send our email coordinator, whatever we call him, Mervyn Keck. Okay. Yeah. Okay, I get emails from Mervyn, so next time I’ll find one from him. If you can’t get on yourself, Mervyn will get you on there. Hello, Janine. If I don’t remember when I joined BITS, do you guys send out reminders, say you need to join again? Where do I go on the website to find out that information? Are you able to sign in to the BITS website? Correct. You may be able to go to the membership corner once you’re signed in. I believe it may tell you there. Okay. If not, our president loves getting emails. send an email to president at bits-acb.org and Jeff will forward your email to someone who can answer the question for you. Perfect. Right. I’ll try the website first. Thank you. So I appreciate you all coming in. Thank you to Brad for streaming and taking care of Clubhouse and then also to Patricia for hosting for today. And thank you to you all for coming. We really appreciate that. And we ask you to join us in a couple of weeks again for another Basics with Bits. Thanks for watching. Thank you.